Stop A Restart Or Shutdown Process In 3steps

Its a small and fun trick.
Some times we need to stop some restart process quickly. In windows XP some times it gives auto restart warning and here is good solution for it.

Make Autorun File for your CD

Small and easy but very useful

If you wanna make a autorun file for the CD, you are ready to burn just read this…

You might be burning some CD contaning some data and u might want that CD to run automatically than u are at the right place.

1) First You open notepad
2) now write: [autorun]
OPEN=INSTALL\Setup_filename.EXE
ICON=INSTALL\Setup_filename.EXE

Now save it but not as a .txt file but as a .inf file.
But remember! The “Setup_filename.EXE” MUST be replaced with the name of the setup file. And you also need to remember that it is not all of the setup files there are called ‘.exe but some are called ‘.msi

3) Now burn your CD with the autorun .inf file included.
4) Now set the CD in you CD drive and wait for the autorun to begin or if nothing happens just double-click on the CD drive in ur Computer.
How’s that

Hide Drives and Partitions

Do you have data on a partition or hard drive that you don’t want tampered with or easily accessible to other users? Well, you can hide any drive/partition in Windows XP. That means that they won’t show up in Explorer or My Computer. How to access the drive after hiding is shown at the post.

WARNING:  If u don't have knowledge about "Registry", Please follow the given steps only
                     Be sure to back up the Registry before proceeding(How to backup registry)

• Open the Registry Editor by going to Start/Run and typing in “regedit” (without the quotes).
• Find your way to…
  HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Mcft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies.
  
  • Click on “Explorer”.
  • Double-click the “NoDrives” key in the right column. If you don’t find a “NoDrives” registry key, just right-click in the right pane and choose “New/DWORD Value” then name the key “NoDrives”.(Enter the name as it is ,as it is case sensitive.)
  • You’ll see a value like “0000 00 00 00 00″. This is where the fun starts. The four sets of double zeros (after the “0000″) are where you’ll enter the values for the drive/partitions. 
• Now, stay with me on this—it’s not as complicated as it sounds:

The first column is for drives A-H, the second for I-P, the third for Q-X, and the fourth for Y-Z.
The values for each drive are as follows:
1 – A I Q Y
2 – B J R Z
4 – C K S
8 – D L T
16 – E M U
32 – F N V
64 – G O W
80 – H P X

• So, let’s say you want to hide drive D. In the first column you would put “08″. For drive K you would put “04″ in the second column.

• But what if you want to hide more than one drive in a column? Simply add the values together: D+E = 8+16 = 24. So in the first column you would put “24″.

If you want access to that drive from your user account you should create a desktop shortcut before proceeding. Once hidden, you can still access by typing the drive letter and a colon in Start/Run—for example, “D:” will bring up a folder of the contents on your D drive.


If u still find any problem post a comment

Application of Capacitors

         The difference between a capacitor and a battery is that a capacitor can dump its entire charge in a tiny fraction of a second, where a battery would take minutes to completely discharge itself. That's why the electronic flash on a camera uses a capacitor -- the battery charges up the flash's capacitor over several seconds, and then the capacitor dumps the full charge into the flash tube almost
instantly. This can make a large, charged capacitor extremely dangerous -- flash units and TVs have
warnings about opening them up for this reason. They contain big capacitors that can, potentially, kill
you with the charge they contain.

Capacitors are used in several different ways in electronic circuits:

•  Sometimes, capacitors are used to store charge for high-speed use. That's what a flash does. Big lasers use this technique as well to get very bright, instantaneous flashes.

• Capacitors can also eliminate ripples. If a line carrying DC voltage has ripples or spikes in it, a big capacitor can even out the voltage by absorbing the peaks and filling in the valleys.

• A capacitor can block DC voltage. If you hook a small capacitor to a battery, then no current will flow between the poles of the battery once the capacitor charges (which is instantaneous if the capacitor is small). However, any alternating current (AC) signal flows through a capacitor  unimpeded. That's because the capacitor will charge and discharge as the alternating current fluctuates, making it appear that the alternating current is flowing.

Capacitor units(Farad)

The unit of capacitance is a farad. A one farad capacitor can store one coulomb  of charge at
1 volt. A coulomb is 6.25e18 (6.25 * 10^18, or 6.25 billion billion) electrons. One amp represents a
rate of electron flow of 1 coulomb of electrons per second, so a 1-farad capacitor can hold 1 ampsecond
of electrons at 1 volt.

A 1-farad capacitor would typically be pretty big. It might be as big as a can of tuna or a 1-liter soda
bottle, depending on the voltage it can handle. So we typically see capacitors measured in
microfarads (millionths of a farad).

To get an idea of farad is,

• A typical alkaline AA battery holds about 2.8 amp-hours.

• That means that a AA battery can produce 2.8 amps for an hour at 1.5 volts (about 4.2 watthours -- a AA battery can light a 4-watt bulb for a little more than an hour).

• Let's call it 1 volt to make the math easier. To store one AA battery's energy in a capacitor, you would need 3,600 * 2.8 = 10,080 farads to hold it, because an amp-hour is 3,600 amp-seconds.

       If it takes something the size of a can of tuna to hold a farad, then 10,080 farads is going to take up a LOT more space than a single AA battery! Obviously, it is impractical to use capacitors to store any significant amount of power unless you do it at a high voltage.

Working of Capacitor

Actually the capacitor is nothing but an electronic component, it is very much similar to battery. The common thing that the Battery and Capacitor do is both of them store electrical energy. We know that battery consist of two terminal. In which chemical reactions produce electrons on one terminal and absorb electrons at the other terminal.
               But a capacitor do not produce new electron, it only stores the electron. Like a battery, a capacitor has two terminals. Inside the capacitor, the terminals connect to two metal plates separated by a dielectric. The dielectric can be air, paper, plastic or anything else that does not conduct electricity and keeps the plates from touching each other.

The symbol of capacitor is as shown below in the figure,

We use battery usually in a small circuit, so in the figure below we have connected a Capacitor to a Battery.

• The plate on the capacitor that attaches to the negative terminal of the battery acceptselectrons that the battery is producing.

• The plate on the capacitor that attaches to the positive terminal of the battery loses electrons tothe battery.
  
  Once it's charged, the capacitor has the same voltage as the battery (1.5 volts on the battery means 1.5 volts on the capacitor). For a small capacitor, the capacity is small. But large capacitors can hold quite a bit of charge. You can find capacitors as big as soda cans, for example, that hold enough charge to light a flashlight bulb for a minute or more. When you see lightning in the sky, what you are seeing is a huge capacitor where one plate is the cloud and the other plate is the ground, and the lightning is the charge releasing between these two "plates." Obviously, in a capacitor that large, you can hold a huge amount of charge!
  
  
  Lets do small experiment to understand working of capacitor.
  
  
  
  Here you have a battery, a light bulb and a capacitor. If the capacitor is pretty big, what you would notice is that, when you connected the battery, the light bulb would light up as current flows from the battery to the capacitor to charge it up. The bulb would get progressively dimmer and finally go out once the capacitor reached its capacity. Then you could remove the battery and replace it with a wire. Current would flow from one plate of the capacitor to the other. The light bulb would light and then get dimmer and dimmer, finally going out once the capacitor had completely discharged (the same number of electrons on both plates).

Further explanation about its units(FARAD) and application is discussed in other blogs